为什么要分库分表

关系型数据库以MySQL为例，单机的存储能力、连接数是有限的，它自身就很容易会成为系统的瓶颈。当单表数据量在百万以内时，我们还可以通过添加从库、优化索引提升性能。

一旦数据量朝着千万以上趋势增长，再怎么优化数据库，很多操作性能仍下降严重。为了减少数据库的负担，提升数据库响应速度，缩短查询时间，这时候就需要进行分库分表。

如何分库分表

分库分表就是要将大量数据分散到多个数据库中，使每个数据库中数据量小响应速度快，以此来提升数据库整体性能。

针对数据切分类型，大致可以分为：垂直（纵向）切分和水平（横向）切分两种。

以下是分库分表的demo

package com.lyz.sharding.algorithm;
import java.util.Collection;  
import java.util.LinkedHashSet;  
  
import com.dangdang.ddframe.rdb.sharding.api.ShardingValue;  
import com.dangdang.ddframe.rdb.sharding.api.strategy.database.SingleKeyDatabaseShardingAlgorithm;  
import com.google.common.collect.Range;  
  
/** 
 * user表分库的逻辑函数 
 * @author liuyazhuang 
 * 
 */  
public class StudentSingleKeyDatabaseShardingAlgorithm implements SingleKeyDatabaseShardingAlgorithm<Integer>{  
  
    /** 
     * sql 中关键字 匹配符为 =的时候，表的路由函数 
     */  
	public String doEqualSharding(Collection<String> availableTargetNames, ShardingValue<Integer> shardingValue) {  
        for (String each : availableTargetNames) {  
            if (each.endsWith(shardingValue.getValue() % 2 + "")) {  
                return each;  
            }  
        }  
        throw new IllegalArgumentException();  
    }  
  
    /** 
     * sql 中关键字 匹配符为 in 的时候，表的路由函数 
     */
	public Collection<String> doInSharding(Collection<String> availableTargetNames, ShardingValue<Integer> shardingValue) {  
        Collection<String> result = new LinkedHashSet<String>(availableTargetNames.size());  
        for (Integer value : shardingValue.getValues()) {  
            for (String tableName : availableTargetNames) {  
                if (tableName.endsWith(value % 2 + "")) {  
                    result.add(tableName);  
                }  
            }  
        }  
        return result;  
    }  
  
    /** 
     * sql 中关键字 匹配符为 between的时候，表的路由函数 
     */  
	
    public Collection<String> doBetweenSharding(Collection<String> availableTargetNames,  
            ShardingValue<Integer> shardingValue) {  
        Collection<String> result = new LinkedHashSet<String>(availableTargetNames.size());  
        Range<Integer> range = (Range<Integer>) shardingValue.getValueRange();  
        for (Integer i = range.lowerEndpoint(); i <= range.upperEndpoint(); i++) {  
            for (String each : availableTargetNames) {  
                if (each.endsWith(i % 2 + "")) {  
                    result.add(each);  
                }  
            }  
        }  
        return result;  
    }  
  
}  
```

```
package com.lyz.sharding.algorithm;
 import java.util.Collection;  
import java.util.LinkedHashSet;  
  
import com.dangdang.ddframe.rdb.sharding.api.ShardingValue;  
import com.dangdang.ddframe.rdb.sharding.api.strategy.table.SingleKeyTableShardingAlgorithm;  
import com.google.common.collect.Range;  
  
/** 
 * 因为t_student实际表在每个库中只有2个，所以 %2 
 * @author iuyazhuang
 * 
 */  
public class StudentSingleKeyTableShardingAlgorithm implements SingleKeyTableShardingAlgorithm<Integer>{  
  
    /** 
     * sql 中 = 操作时，table的映射 
     */  
    public String doEqualSharding(Collection<String> tableNames, ShardingValue<Integer> shardingValue) {  
        for (String each : tableNames) {  
            if (each.endsWith("0".concat(String.valueOf(shardingValue.getValue() % 2)))) {  
                return each;  
            }  
        }  
        throw new IllegalArgumentException();  
    }  
  
    /** 
     * sql 中 in 操作时，table的映射 
     */  
    public Collection<String> doInSharding(Collection<String> tableNames, ShardingValue<Integer> shardingValue) {  
        Collection<String> result = new LinkedHashSet<String>(tableNames.size());  
        for (Integer value : shardingValue.getValues()) {  
            for (String tableName : tableNames) {  
                if (tableName.endsWith("0".concat(String.valueOf(value % 2)))) {  
                    result.add(tableName);  
                }  
            }  
        }  
        return result;  
    }  
  
    /** 
     * sql 中 between 操作时，table的映射 
     */  
    public Collection<String> doBetweenSharding(Collection<String> tableNames,  
            ShardingValue<Integer> shardingValue) {  
        Collection<String> result = new LinkedHashSet<String>(tableNames.size());  
        Range<Integer> range = (Range<Integer>) shardingValue.getValueRange();  
        for (Integer i = range.lowerEndpoint(); i <= range.upperEndpoint(); i++) {  
            for (String each : tableNames) {  
                if (each.endsWith("0".concat(String.valueOf(i % 2)))) {  
                    result.add(each);  
                }  
            }  
        }  
        return result;  
    }  
  
}  
```

```

package com.lyz.sharding.algorithm;  

import java.util.Collection;  
import java.util.LinkedHashSet;  

import com.dangdang.ddframe.rdb.sharding.api.ShardingValue;  
import com.dangdang.ddframe.rdb.sharding.api.strategy.database.SingleKeyDatabaseShardingAlgorithm;  
import com.google.common.collect.Range;  

/** 
 * user表分库的逻辑函数 
 * @author liuyazhuang
 * 
 */  
public class UserSingleKeyDatabaseShardingAlgorithm implements SingleKeyDatabaseShardingAlgorithm<Integer>{  

    /** 
     * sql 中关键字 匹配符为 =的时候，表的路由函数 
     */  
    public String doEqualSharding(Collection<String> availableTargetNames, ShardingValue<Integer> shardingValue) {  
        for (String each : availableTargetNames) {  
            if (each.endsWith(shardingValue.getValue() % 2 + "")) {  
                return each;  
            }  
        }  
        throw new IllegalArgumentException();  
    }  

    /** 
     * sql 中关键字 匹配符为 in 的时候，表的路由函数 
     */  
    public Collection<String> doInSharding(Collection<String> availableTargetNames, ShardingValue<Integer> shardingValue) {  
        Collection<String> result = new LinkedHashSet<String>(availableTargetNames.size());  
        for (Integer value : shardingValue.getValues()) {  
            for (String tableName : availableTargetNames) {  
                if (tableName.endsWith(value % 2 + "")) {  
                    result.add(tableName);  
                }  
            }  
        }  
        return result;  
    }  

    /** 
     * sql 中关键字 匹配符为 between的时候，表的路由函数 
     */  
    public Collection<String> doBetweenSharding(Collection<String> availableTargetNames,  
            ShardingValue<Integer> shardingValue) {  
        Collection<String> result = new LinkedHashSet<String>(availableTargetNames.size());  
        Range<Integer> range = (Range<Integer>) shardingValue.getValueRange();  
        for (Integer i = range.lowerEndpoint(); i <= range.upperEndpoint(); i++) {  
            for (String each : availableTargetNames) {  
                if (each.endsWith(i % 2 + "")) {  
                    result.add(each);  
                }  
            }  
        }  
        return result;  
    }  

}  
```

```

package com.lyz.sharding.algorithm;  

import java.util.Collection;  
import java.util.LinkedHashSet;  

import com.dangdang.ddframe.rdb.sharding.api.ShardingValue;  
import com.dangdang.ddframe.rdb.sharding.api.strategy.table.SingleKeyTableShardingAlgorithm;  
import com.google.common.collect.Range;  
/** 
 * 因为t_student实际表在每个库中只有3个，所以 %3 
 * @author iuyazhuang
 * 
 */  
public class UserSingleKeyTableShardingAlgorithm implements SingleKeyTableShardingAlgorithm<Integer>{  

    /** 
     * sql 中 = 操作时，table的映射 
     */  
    public String doEqualSharding(Collection<String> tableNames, ShardingValue<Integer> shardingValue) {  
        for (String each : tableNames) {  
            if (each.endsWith(("0".concat(String.valueOf(shardingValue.getValue() % 3))))) {  
                return each;  
            }  
        }  
        throw new IllegalArgumentException();  
    }  

    /** 
     * sql 中 in 操作时，table的映射 
     */  
    public Collection<String> doInSharding(Collection<String> tableNames, ShardingValue<Integer> shardingValue) {  
        Collection<String> result = new LinkedHashSet<String>(tableNames.size());  
        for (Integer value : shardingValue.getValues()) {  
            for (String tableName : tableNames) {  
                if (tableName.endsWith(("0".concat(String.valueOf(value % 3))))) {  
                    result.add(tableName);  
                }  
            }  
        }  
        return result;  
    }  

    /** 
     * sql 中 between 操作时，table的映射 
     */  
    public Collection<String> doBetweenSharding(Collection<String> tableNames,  
            ShardingValue<Integer> shardingValue) {  
        Collection<String> result = new LinkedHashSet<String>(tableNames.size());  
        Range<Integer> range = (Range<Integer>) shardingValue.getValueRange();  
        for (Integer i = range.lowerEndpoint(); i <= range.upperEndpoint(); i++) {  
            for (String each : tableNames) {  
                if (each.endsWith(("0".concat(String.valueOf(i % 3))))) {  
                    result.add(each);  
                }  
            }  
        }  
        return result;  
    }  

}  


```

```
package com.lyz.sharding.entity;

import java.io.Serializable;

/**
 * 学生类
 * @author liuyazhuang
 *
 */
public class Student implements Serializable {

	private static final long serialVersionUID = 8920597824668331209L;

	private Integer id;

	private Integer studentId;

	private String name;

	private Integer age;

	public Integer getId() {
		return id;
	}

	public void setId(Integer id) {
		this.id = id;
	}

	public Integer getStudentId() {
		return studentId;
	}

	public void setStudentId(Integer studentId) {
		this.studentId = studentId;
	}

	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}

	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}

	public Integer getAge() {
		return age;
	}

	public void setAge(Integer age) {
		this.age = age;
	}

	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "Student [id=" + id + ", studentId=" + studentId + ", name=" + name + ", age=" + age + "]";
	}
	
}
```

```
package com.lyz.sharding.entity;

import java.io.Serializable;

/**
 * 用户类
 * @author liuyazhuang
 *
 */
public class User implements Serializable {

	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

	private Integer id;

	private Integer userId;

	private String name;

	private Integer age;

	public Integer getId() {
		return id;
	}

	public void setId(Integer id) {
		this.id = id;
	}

	public Integer getUserId() {
		return userId;
	}

	public void setUserId(Integer userId) {
		this.userId = userId;
	}

	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}

	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}

	public Integer getAge() {
		return age;
	}

	public void setAge(Integer age) {
		this.age = age;
	}

	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "User [id=" + id + ", userId=" + userId + ", name=" + name + ", age=" + age + "]";
	}

}
```

```
package com.lyz.sharding.mapper;

import java.util.List;
import com.lyz.sharding.entity.Student;

/**
 * 处理学生的数据操作接口
 * @author liuyazhuang
 *
 */
public interface StudentMapper {  
      
    Integer insert(Student s);  
      
    List<Student> findAll();  
      
    List<Student> findByStudentIds(List<Integer> studentIds);  

}  


```

```
package com.lyz.sharding.mapper;

import java.util.List;
import com.lyz.sharding.entity.User;  
  
  
/**
 * 处理用户的数据操作接口
 * @author liuyazhuang
 *
 */
public interface UserMapper {  
      
    Integer insert(User u);  
      
    List<User> findAll();  
      
    List<User> findByUserIds(List<Integer> userIds);  
      
  
}  
```

```
package com.lyz.sharding.service.impl;
import javax.annotation.Resource;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import com.lyz.sharding.entity.Student;
import com.lyz.sharding.mapper.StudentMapper;
import com.lyz.sharding.service.StudentService;
  
@Service  
public class StudentServiceImpl implements StudentService{  
      
    @Resource  
    public StudentMapper studentMapper;  
  
    public boolean insert(Student student) {  
        return studentMapper.insert(student) > 0 ? true : false;  
    }  
  
}  
```

```
package com.lyz.sharding.service.impl;
 import java.util.List;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Propagation;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;

import com.lyz.sharding.entity.Student;
import com.lyz.sharding.entity.User;
import com.lyz.sharding.mapper.StudentMapper;
import com.lyz.sharding.mapper.UserMapper;
import com.lyz.sharding.service.UserService; 
  
@Service  
@Transactional  
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {  
  
    @Resource  
    public UserMapper userMapper;  
      
    @Resource  
    public StudentMapper studentMapper;  
  
    public boolean insert(User u) {  
        return userMapper.insert(u) > 0 ? true :false;  
    }  
  
    public List<User> findAll() {  
        return userMapper.findAll();  
    }  
  
    public List<User> findByUserIds(List<Integer> ids) {  
        return userMapper.findByUserIds(ids);  
    }  
  
    @Transactional(propagation=Propagation.REQUIRED)  
    public void transactionTestSucess() {  
        User u = new User();  
        u.setUserId(13);  
        u.setAge(25);  
        u.setName("war3 1.27");  
        userMapper.insert(u);  
          
        Student student = new Student();  
        student.setStudentId(21);  
        student.setAge(21);  
        student.setName("hehe");  
        studentMapper.insert(student);  
    }  
  
    @Transactional(propagation=Propagation.REQUIRED)  
    public void transactionTestFailure() throws IllegalAccessException {  
        User u = new User();  
        u.setUserId(13);  
        u.setAge(25);  
        u.setName("war3 1.27 good");  
        userMapper.insert(u);  
          
        Student student = new Student();  
        student.setStudentId(21);  
        student.setAge(21);  
        student.setName("hehe1");  
        studentMapper.insert(student);  
        throw new IllegalAccessException();  
    }  
      
}  
```

```

package com.lyz.sharding.service;

import com.lyz.sharding.entity.Student;

/**
 * 处理学生的service
 * @author liuyazhuang
 *
 */
public interface StudentService {  

    boolean insert(Student student);  

}  
```

```
package com.lyz.sharding.service;  

import java.util.List;
import com.lyz.sharding.entity.User;

/**
 * 处理用户的Service
 * @author liuyazhuang
 *
 */
public interface UserService {  
      
    public boolean insert(User u);  
      
    public List<User> findAll();  
      
    public List<User> findByUserIds(List<Integer> ids);  
      
    public void transactionTestSucess();  
      
    public void transactionTestFailure() throws IllegalAccessException;  

}  
```

```
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>  
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "//mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd" >  
<mapper namespace="com.lyz.sharding.mapper.StudentMapper" >  
  <resultMap id="resultMap" type="com.lyz.sharding.entity.Student" >  
    <id column="id" property="id" jdbcType="INTEGER" />  
    <result column="student_id" property="studentId" jdbcType="INTEGER" />  
    <result column="name" property="name" jdbcType="VARCHAR" />  
    <result column="age" property="age" jdbcType="INTEGER" />  
  </resultMap>  
    
  <insert id="insert">  
    insert into t_student (student_id,name,age) values (#{studentId},#{name},#{age})  
  </insert>  
    
  <select id="findAll" resultMap="resultMap">  
   select <include refid="columnsName"/> from t_student  
  </select>  
    
  <select id="findByStudentIds" resultMap="resultMap">  
    select <include refid="columnsName"/> from t_student where student_id in (  
     <foreach collection="list" item="item" separator=",">  
        #{item}  
     </foreach>  
    )  
      
  </select>  
    
  <sql id="columnsName">  
     id,student_id,name,age  
  </sql>      
</mapper>  
```

```
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>  
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "//mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd" >  
<mapper namespace="com.lyz.sharding.mapper.UserMapper" >  
  <resultMap id="resultMap" type="com.lyz.sharding.entity.User" >  
    <id column="id" property="id" jdbcType="INTEGER" />  
    <result column="user_id" property="userId" jdbcType="INTEGER" />  
    <result column="name" property="name" jdbcType="VARCHAR" />  
    <result column="age" property="age" jdbcType="INTEGER" />  
  </resultMap>  
    
  <insert id="insert">  
    insert into t_user (user_id,name,age) values (#{userId},#{name},#{age})  
  </insert>  
    
  <select id="findAll" resultMap="resultMap">  
   select <include refid="columnsName"/> from t_user   
  </select>  
    
  <select id="findByUserIds" resultMap="resultMap">  
    select <include refid="columnsName"/> from t_user where user_id in (  
     <foreach collection="list" item="item" separator=",">  
        #{item}  
     </foreach>  
    )  
      
  </select>  
    
  <sql id="columnsName">  
     id,user_id,name,age  
  </sql>      
</mapper>  
```

```
jdbc_driver0   = com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc_url0      = jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/sharding_0
jdbc_username0 = root
jdbc_password0 = root
  
jdbc_driver1   = com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc_url1      = jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/sharding_1
jdbc_username1 = root
jdbc_password1 = root
  
  
validationQuery=SELECT 1
```

```
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  
<beans xmlns="//www.springframework.org/schema/beans"  
    xmlns:xsi="//www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="//www.springframework.org/schema/context"  
    xmlns:mybatis-spring="//mybatis.org/schema/mybatis-spring"  
    xmlns:tx="//www.springframework.org/schema/tx"  
    xsi:schemaLocation="//www.springframework.org/schema/beans //www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd  
        //www.springframework.org/schema/context //www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd  
        //mybatis.org/schema/mybatis-spring //mybatis.org/schema/mybatis-spring-1.2.xsd  
        //www.springframework.org/schema/tx //www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd">  
          
    <bean class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">  
        <property name="locations">  
            <list>  
                <value>classpath:config/resource/jdbc_dev.properties</value>  
            </list>  
        </property>  
    </bean>  
          
    <bean name="sharding_0" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource" init-method="init" destroy-method="close">  
        <property name="url" value="${jdbc_url0}" />  
        <property name="username" value="${jdbc_username0}" />  
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc_password0}" />  
<!--         <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc_driver0}" /> -->  
        <!-- 初始化连接大小 -->  
        <property name="initialSize" value="0" />  
        <!-- 连接池最大使用连接数量 -->  
        <property name="maxActive" value="20" />  
        <!-- 连接池最小空闲 -->  
        <property name="minIdle" value="0" />  
        <!-- 获取连接最大等待时间 -->  
        <property name="maxWait" value="60000" />  
        <property name="validationQuery" value="${validationQuery}" />  
        <property name="testOnBorrow" value="false" />  
        <property name="testOnReturn" value="false" />  
        <property name="testWhileIdle" value="true" />  
        <!-- 配置间隔多久才进行一次检测，检测需要关闭的空闲连接，单位是毫秒 -->  
        <property name="timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis" value="60000" />  
        <!-- 配置一个连接在池中最小生存的时间，单位是毫秒 -->  
        <property name="minEvictableIdleTimeMillis" value="25200000" />  
        <!-- 打开removeAbandoned功能 -->  
        <property name="removeAbandoned" value="true" />  
        <!-- 1800秒，也就是30分钟 -->  
        <property name="removeAbandonedTimeout" value="1800" />  
        <!-- 关闭abanded连接时输出错误日志 -->  
        <property name="logAbandoned" value="true" />  
        <property name="filters" value="stat" />  
    </bean>  
      
    <bean name="sharding_1" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource" init-method="init" destroy-method="close">  
        <property name="url" value="${jdbc_url1}" />  
        <property name="username" value="${jdbc_username1}" />  
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc_password1}" />  
<!--         <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc_driver1}" /> -->  
        <!-- 初始化连接大小 -->  
        <property name="initialSize" value="0" />  
        <!-- 连接池最大使用连接数量 -->  
        <property name="maxActive" value="20" />  
        <!-- 连接池最小空闲 -->  
        <property name="minIdle" value="0" />  
        <!-- 获取连接最大等待时间 -->  
        <property name="maxWait" value="60000" />  
        <property name="validationQuery" value="${validationQuery}" />  
        <property name="testOnBorrow" value="false" />  
        <property name="testOnReturn" value="false" />  
        <property name="testWhileIdle" value="true" />  
        <!-- 配置间隔多久才进行一次检测，检测需要关闭的空闲连接，单位是毫秒 -->  
        <property name="timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis" value="60000" />  
        <!-- 配置一个连接在池中最小生存的时间，单位是毫秒 -->  
        <property name="minEvictableIdleTimeMillis" value="25200000" />  
        <!-- 打开removeAbandoned功能 -->  
        <property name="removeAbandoned" value="true" />  
        <!-- 1800秒，也就是30分钟 -->  
        <property name="removeAbandonedTimeout" value="1800" />  
        <!-- 关闭abanded连接时输出错误日志 -->  
        <property name="logAbandoned" value="true" />  
        <property name="filters" value="stat" />  
    </bean>  
      
  
</beans>  
```

```
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  
<beans xmlns="//www.springframework.org/schema/beans"  
    xmlns:xsi="//www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="//www.springframework.org/schema/context"  
    xmlns:mybatis-spring="//mybatis.org/schema/mybatis-spring"  
    xmlns:tx="//www.springframework.org/schema/tx"  
    xsi:schemaLocation="//www.springframework.org/schema/beans //www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd  
        //www.springframework.org/schema/context //www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd  
        //mybatis.org/schema/mybatis-spring //mybatis.org/schema/mybatis-spring-1.2.xsd  
        //www.springframework.org/schema/tx //www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd">  
          
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.lyz.sharding" /> 
     
    <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">  
        <property name="basePackage" value="com.lyz.sharding.mapper"/>  
        <property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"/>  
    </bean>  
      
    <!-- 配置sqlSessionFactory -->  
     <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">  
        <property name="dataSource" ref="shardingDataSource"/>  
        <property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath*:config/mapper/*Mapper.xml"/>  
    </bean>  
      
      
    <!-- 配置好dataSourceRulue,即对数据源进行管理 -->  
    <bean id="dataSourceRule" class="com.dangdang.ddframe.rdb.sharding.api.rule.DataSourceRule">  
        <constructor-arg>  
            <map>  
                <entry key="sharding_0" value-ref="sharding_0"/>  
                <entry key="sharding_1" value-ref="sharding_1"/>  
            </map>  
        </constructor-arg>  
    </bean>  
      
    <!-- 对t_user表的配置，进行分库配置，逻辑表名为t_user，每个库有实际的三张表 -->  
    <bean id="userTableRule" class="com.dangdang.ddframe.rdb.sharding.api.rule.TableRule">  
        <constructor-arg value="t_user" index="0"/>  
        <constructor-arg index="1">  
            <list>  
                <value>t_user_00</value>  
                <value>t_user_01</value>  
                <value>t_user_02</value>  
            </list>  
        </constructor-arg>  
        <constructor-arg index="2" ref="dataSourceRule"/>  
        <constructor-arg index="3" ref="userDatabaseShardingStrategy"/>  
        <constructor-arg index="4" ref="userTableShardingStrategy"/>  
    </bean>  
      
    <!-- t_user分库策略 -->  
    <bean id="userDatabaseShardingStrategy" class="com.dangdang.ddframe.rdb.sharding.api.strategy.database.DatabaseShardingStrategy">  
        <constructor-arg index="0" value="user_id"/>  
        <constructor-arg index="1">  
            <bean class="com.lyz.sharding.algorithm.UserSingleKeyDatabaseShardingAlgorithm" />  
        </constructor-arg>  
    </bean>  
      
    <!-- t_user 分表策略 -->  
    <bean id="userTableShardingStrategy" class="com.dangdang.ddframe.rdb.sharding.api.strategy.table.TableShardingStrategy">  
        <constructor-arg index="0" value="user_id"/>  
        <constructor-arg index="1">  
            <bean class="com.lyz.sharding.algorithm.UserSingleKeyTableShardingAlgorithm" />  
        </constructor-arg>  
    </bean>  
      
      
      
      <!-- 对t_student表的配置，进行分库配置，逻辑表名为t_student，每个库有实际的三张表 -->  
    <bean id="studentTableRule" class="com.dangdang.ddframe.rdb.sharding.api.rule.TableRule">  
        <constructor-arg value="t_student" index="0"/>  
        <constructor-arg index="1">  
            <list>  
                <value>t_student_00</value>  
                <value>t_student_01</value>  
            </list>  
        </constructor-arg>  
        <constructor-arg index="2" ref="dataSourceRule"/>  
        <constructor-arg index="3" ref="studentDatabaseShardingStrategy"/>  
        <constructor-arg index="4" ref="studentTableShardingStrategy"/>  
    </bean>  
      
     <!-- t_student分库策略 -->  
    <bean id="studentDatabaseShardingStrategy" class="com.dangdang.ddframe.rdb.sharding.api.strategy.database.DatabaseShardingStrategy">  
        <constructor-arg index="0" value="student_id"/>  
        <constructor-arg index="1">  
            <bean class="com.lyz.sharding.algorithm.StudentSingleKeyDatabaseShardingAlgorithm" />  
        </constructor-arg>  
    </bean>  
      
    <!-- t_student 分表策略 -->  
    <bean id="studentTableShardingStrategy" class="com.dangdang.ddframe.rdb.sharding.api.strategy.table.TableShardingStrategy">  
        <constructor-arg index="0" value="student_id"/>  
        <constructor-arg index="1">  
            <bean class="com.lyz.sharding.algorithm.StudentSingleKeyTableShardingAlgorithm" />  
        </constructor-arg>  
    </bean>  
      
      
    <!-- 构成分库分表的规则 传入数据源集合和每个表的分库分表的具体规则 -->  
    <bean id="shardingRule" class="com.dangdang.ddframe.rdb.sharding.api.rule.ShardingRule">  
        <constructor-arg index="0" ref="dataSourceRule"/>  
        <constructor-arg index="1">  
            <list>  
                <ref bean="userTableRule"/>  
                <ref bean="studentTableRule"/>  
            </list>  
        </constructor-arg>  
    </bean>  
      
    <!-- 对datasource进行封装 -->  
    <bean id="shardingDataSource" class="com.dangdang.ddframe.rdb.sharding.api.ShardingDataSource">  
        <constructor-arg ref="shardingRule"/>  
    </bean>  
  
    <!-- 事务 -->  
    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">  
        <property name="dataSource" ref="shardingDataSource" />  
    </bean>  
  
    <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" />  
          
</beans>  
```

```

package com.lyz.sharding.test;  

import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

import org.junit.Assert;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;

import com.lyz.sharding.entity.Student;
import com.lyz.sharding.entity.User;
import com.lyz.sharding.service.StudentService;
import com.lyz.sharding.service.UserService;

/**
 * 测试分库分表规则
 * @author liuyazhuang
 *
 */
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)  
@ContextConfiguration(locations = { "classpath*:config/spring/spring-database.xml", "classpath*:config/spring/spring-sharding.xml" })  
public class ShardingJdbcMybatisTest {  

    @Resource  
    public UserService userService;  
      
    @Resource  
    public StudentService studentService;  

    @Test  
    public void testUserInsert() {  
        User u = new User();  
        u.setUserId(11);  
        u.setAge(25);  
        u.setName("github");  
        Assert.assertEquals(userService.insert(u), true);  
    }  
      
    @Test  
    public void testStudentInsert() {  
        Student student = new Student();  
        student.setStudentId(21);  
        student.setAge(21);  
        student.setName("hehe");  
        Assert.assertEquals(studentService.insert(student), true);  
    }  

    @Test  
    public void testFindAll(){  
        List<User> users = userService.findAll();  
        if(null != users && !users.isEmpty()){  
            for(User u :users){  
                System.out.println(u);  
            }  
        }  
    }  
      
    @Test  
    public void testSQLIN(){  
        List<User> users = userService.findByUserIds(Arrays.asList(1));  
        if(null != users && !users.isEmpty()){  
            for(User u :users){  
                System.out.println(u);  
            }  
        }  
    }  
      
    @Test  
    public void testTransactionTestSucess(){  
        userService.transactionTestSucess();  
    }  
      
    @Test(expected = IllegalAccessException.class)  
    public void testTransactionTestFailure() throws IllegalAccessException{  
        userService.transactionTestFailure();  
    }  
}  

以上代码在本地是可以运行的，需要配置好环境，连上数据库。